2019 - Working Papers: Organizational Behavior and Human Resources
The effect of the judge’s condition on the judgment of others’ well-being, 62 pp.
Y. Ganzach
(Working paper no. 1/2019)
Research no.: 01690100
We study the effect of subjects' conditions (e.g., their health or income) on their judgments of the well-being of target people (e.g., assessments of targets' health difficulties or their income satisfaction) based on information about the conditions of the targets (e.g., targets' health or income). We find that these judgments are affected by both assimilation and contrast. A model of similarity between the condition of the subject and the target explains these findings. Implications for the study of social perception and the measurement of well-being are discussed.
Wages, mental abilities and assessments in large scale international surveys: Still not much more than g, 33 pp.
Y. Ganzach
(Working paper no. 2/2019)
Research no.: 01680100
We examine the role of General Mental Ability (GMA or g), versus specific abilities, in predicting wages among 69,901 participants from 19 countries in the Programme for International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC). We define GMA as the first principal component in a battery of three ability tests, and specific abilities as the low order components. Our initial results -- a difference of 52%, between a g only model and a g + specific abilities model (R2s of .061 and .093, respectively) -- are considerably different from earlier results suggesting that "there is not much more than g" in predicting performance. However, further analyses show that this difference is reduced to 0.5% when crucial non-cognitive individual differences (age and sex) are controlled for (R2s of .0763 and .0767, respectively). Path models of the relationships between individual differences, specific abilities, GMA and wage shed light on these results. Implications for the understanding of the relationship between mental abilities and wage, and for the understanding of cognitive test scores as representing various skills versus general ability, are discussed.
Resilience of sustainability‐oriented and financially‐driven organizations, 16 pp. forthcoming in Business Strategy and the Environment; https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2355
A. Carmeli, A. Dothan and D. K. Boojihawon
(Working paper no. 3/2019)
Research no.: 04080100
To answer key questions concerning how negative and positive financial performance gaps motivate organizations to build more resilient systems, we develop a conceptual process model to reveal the process by which financially and sustainability‐driven organizations can translate these negative and positive financial performance gaps into organizational resilience.We specify the different modes of search behaviors that these organizations pursue when encountering negative and positive financial performance gaps. We then expand on the group engagement model to theorize that vicarious search is likely to encourage limiting behaviors, whereas internal search is likely to foster promotion behaviors. Finally, we explain how both promoting and limiting behaviors can be helpful in improving organizational resilience. In this way, we hope to advance research that connects and integrates relatively disparate realms and, more specifically, to contribute to the sustainability, resilience, and performance feedback literatures.
